Mirza Abu Taleb Khan: Lucknow se London

February 1799 mein Calcutta se Lucknow ka ek Farsi daan Denmark jaane wale ek jahaz par sawar hua. Agle saarhe chaar barson mein us ne Ras Umeed, Ireland, London, Paris, Italy, Istanbul, Baghdad aur Bombay dekhe, aur wapas aa kar Farsi mein apna safarnama likha. Yeh Mirza Abu Taleb Khan (Mirza Abu Taleb Khan) the, aur un ki kitab ka naam "Masir-e-Talibi fi Bilad-e-Afranji" hai. Us ke Angrez mutarjim ke baqol yeh pehla mauqa tha ke Europe ke idaron ke baare mein kisi Asian ki apni asal raye Angrezi mein samne aayi.

Lucknow ka Farsi daan

Encyclopaedia Iranica (Encyclopaedia Iranica) ke mutabiq Abu Taleb 1753 (1166 Hijri) mein Lucknow mein paida hue. Un ke walid Azerbaijani Turk nasl se the aur Isfahan se hijrat kar ke Lucknow aa base the. Abu Taleb ne 1775–1776 mein Awadh ki hukumat mein ek zilai ohda sambhala, phir 1787–1788 mein Calcutta muntaqil ho gaye, jahan unhon ne Hafiz ka diwan murattab kiya jo 1791 mein Calcutta se chhapa. Iranica ke mutabiq 1799 se 1803 tak unhon ne East India Company ki Bengal fauj ke captain D. Richardson (D. Richardson) ke sath Europe ka safar kiya.

Ras Umeed aur toofan

Is safarnamay ka Angrezi tarjuma Charles Stewart (Charles Stewart) ne kiya, jo Hertford mein East India Company ke college mein mashriqi zubanon ke professor the. Tarjume ke mutabiq Abu Taleb ne pehle ek jahaz "Charlotte" par jagah li, magar woh chand din baad jal gaya; phir unhon ne Denmark jaane wale jahaz "Christiana" (Christiana) par safar kiya. Woh likhte hain ke yakum Ramzan 1213 Hijri ko, yaani February 1799 mein, woh Calcutta se ek bajre mein rawana hue aur teesre din Kedgeree (Kedgeree) pahunch kar jahaz par sawar hue.

Jahaz pani lene Nicobar jazair par ruka, khat-e-istawa paar kiya, aur Ras Umeed ke qareeb ek shadeed toofan mein rasta kho baitha. Aakhir woh False Bay (False Bay) mein langar andaz hua. Abu Taleb 2 July ko Cape Town gaye aur wahan ki aab o hawa, phalon, janwaron aur mukhtalif qaumon ke abad logon ka haal likha. Phir woh jahaz "Britannia" par Saint Helena ke raste England ki taraf chale, magar mukhalif hawa jahaz ko Ireland ki taraf le gayi, aur December 1799 mein woh Cork (Cork) ki bandargah mein dakhil hue.

Ireland ki barf

Cork se Dublin ka safar unhon ne 8 December ko dak gaadi mein shuru kiya. Woh likhte hain ke dak gaadi ko khat le jane ka haq tha aur sadkein abhi poori tarah mehfooz na thin, is liye us ke sath teen ghorsawar sipahi chalte the jo har padao par badal jate the. Dublin mein unhon ne raat ko roshan galiyon, chokon, college, theatre aur shadeed barf bari ka zikr kiya, aur logon ko barf par phisalte (skating karte) dekha. 16 January 1800 ko woh dak ke jahaz par Holyhead (Holyhead) pahunche aur Wales aur Chester se hote hue 21 January 1800 ko London pahunche; un ke hisab se yeh Calcutta chhorne ke ek qamri saal se paanch din kam tha.

"Farsi shehzada" London mein

Abu Taleb taqriban dhai baras London mein rahe. Stewart dibache mein likhte hain ke 1800 aur 1801 mein London unhein "Farsi shehzada" (The Persian Prince) ke naam se jaanta tha. Khud Abu Taleb likhte hain ke jab woh darbar jate ya kisi bade aadmi se milte to agle din akhbar us ki khabar dete aur unhein yahi laqab dete. Ek baar Vauxhall (Vauxhall) ke bagh mein ek khairati taqreeb ke muntazimin ne akhbar mein elan kar diya ke woh aayenge, aur us sham itna hujoom jama hua ke unhein guzarne mein dushwari hui.

Akhbarat ne unhein khas taur par mutasir kiya. Woh likhte hain ke Angrezon ke liye akhbar ke baghair zindagi bemaza ho jaye; shehzade se faqeer tak sab unhein parhte hain, amiron ke ghar har subah pahunchte hain aur jo khareed nahin sakte woh qehwa khanon mein parh lete hain. In mein jangon se le kar faslon, anaaj ke bhao aur raat ke drame tak har khabar hoti hai.

Unhon ne Windsor, Greenwich aur British Museum dekhe, aur Oxford ke baare mein likha ke yeh qaum ka sab se mashhoor ilmi markaz hai, sadkein chaudi aur darakhton se saji hain, aur yahan chaubees college hain jin mein se har ek ka apna bada kutub khana hai. Unhon ne chhapa khanon, karkhanon, pan chakkiyon aur un dhalai khanon ka haal bhi likha jin ke bade pahiye "hairat angez taur par bhap se" chalte the. Tarjume ke do abwab mein unhon ne Angrezon ki khubiyan aur khamiyan, jaisi unhein nazar aayin, alag alag ginwai hain.

Paris se Baghdad tak

7 May 1802 ko woh London se Dover gaye aur samundar paar kar ke France pahunche. Paris tak ka safar ek bhaari gaadi "diligence" (diligence) mein hua jo apni sust raftari ki wajah se unhein Hindustan ki bail gaadi yaad dilati thi. Woh likhte hain ke raste bhar khet, angoor ke bagh, saaf nadiyan aur pathar ke pul the. Paris ke baad woh Lyon, Avignon aur Marseilles se hote hue samundar ke raste Genoa aur Leghorn (Leghorn) gaye, phir Malta pahunche, jahan unhein Maltese aur Arabi zubaan mein badi mushabihat nazar aayi.

10 August ko woh jahaz "Victorieux" (Victorieux) par sawar hue. Chauthe din toofan aaya aur jahaz ko marammat ke liye Miletus (Miletus) par rukna para; phir Athens ke paas se guzar kar woh Smyrna (Smyrna) pahunche, aur wahan se abnaye Dardanelles ke raste Istanbul (Constantinople). Istanbul se ek sarkari rahbar un ke sath kiya gaya jo unhein khushki ke raste Baghdad le gaya.

Bombay aur Calcutta

Baghdad se woh Basra gaye aur wahan se samundar ke raste Hindustan ka rukh kiya. Woh likhte hain ke 10 Safar 1218 Hijri, yaani June 1803 ke shuru mein, woh Bombay ki bandargah mein langar andaz hue; un ke hisab se London chhore taqriban ek saal hua tha. 16 July ko woh jahaz "Bombay" par sawar hue aur gyarah din mein Ganga ke dahane par Balasore ki langar gah tak pahunche, aur wahan se Calcutta laute.

Iranica ke mutabiq Abu Taleb ne apna safarnama 1804–1805 mein mukammal kiya aur 1805–1806 mein Lucknow mein faut hue. Stewart ke dibache ke mutabiq Abu Taleb ne us ki chand naqlein tayyar karwa ke doston mein bantein, aur unhi mein se ek naql England pahunchi. Stewart ka Angrezi tarjuma 1810 mein London se "The Travels of Mirza Abu Taleb Khan" (The Travels of Mirza Abu Taleb Khan) ke naam se shaya hua; mutarjim ke mutabiq unhon ne sirf shayari, doston ki lambi fehristein, ilm-e-tashreeh par ek bahas aur ek sheesha ghar ka bayan hazf kiya. Farsi matan 1812 mein Calcutta se un ke bete Mirza Hasan Ali aur Mir Qudrat Ali ne shaya kiya, aur Iranica ke mutabiq Angrezi tarjume se us ke French aur German tarjume bhi hue.

Agli qist: Alexander von Humboldt: Janubi America.