Zila Mastung: Sarawan ka dil, seboon ki wadi

Atemad E-Magazine 17 October 2026 · 7 minute ka mutalia

Taaruf aur mahal-e-wuqoo

Quetta se junoob ki taraf niklein to shehar ke pahar aahista aahista peechay reh jate hain aur Lak Pass ki surang ke paar ek khuli, hamwar wadi samne aati hai jis ke charon taraf khushk pahar khare hain. Yeh zila Mastung hai, jo subai darul hukumat ke junoob mein waqe hai aur Kalat, Nushki aur Bolan ki sarhadon se jura hua hai. Zilai sadar maqam Mastung shehar hai jo Quetta se Kalat aur Karachi jane wali qaumi shahrah par parta hai.

Intizami tor par zila Mastung, Dasht aur Kurdgap ki sub divisions par mushtamil hai. July 2026 ki subai tanzeem-e-nau ke baad bhi zila ki tarkeeb wahi rakhi gayi hai: Mastung aur Dasht ki tehsilein aur Khad Koocha aur Kurdgap ki sub tehsilein. Kalat Division ke sarkari safhe ke mutabiq zila mein 20 union councils aur do municipal committees hain.

2023 ki mardum shumari ke mutabiq zila Mastung ki abadi 313,271 afrad hai, jin mein 166,679 mard aur 146,589 khawateen hain. Zila ka raqba 5,896 murabba kilometre hai aur abadi ki kasafat taqriban 53 afrad fi murabba kilometre banti hai. Abadi ka bara hissa, yaani 272,897 afrad (87 feesad), dehi ilaqon mein rehta hai, jab ke shehri abadi 40,374 (taqriban 13 feesad) hai.

Mastung 1991 se pehle zila Kalat ka hissa tha. Board of Revenue Balochistan ke 31 December 1991 ke notification ke tehat ise alag zila ka darja diya gaya, aur us waqt is mein ek tehsil aur teen sub tehsilein shamil thin. Taweel arse tak yeh zila Kalat Division mein shamil raha. 8 July 2026 ko mahkama-e-maal Balochistan ke notification ke zariye soobe ko 11 divisions aur 41 Azla mein taqseem kiya gaya to Mastung ko Kalat Division se nikal kar Quetta Division mein shamil kar diya gaya. Ab Quetta Division teen Azla, Quetta Mashriqi, Quetta Maghribi aur Mastung, par mushtamil hai.

Tareekh

Mastung ka naam Muslim jughrafiya danon ki qadeem kitabon mein milta hai. Mashriqi khilafat ke jughrafiye par Guy Le Strange ki maroof tehqeeq ke mutabiq daswin sadi eesvi ke jughrafiya dan Al-Istakhri aur Al-Muqaddasi ne Mastung ko is khitte ke shehron mein shumar kiya hai jise woh "Bals" kehte the aur jis ka markazi shehar Sibi tha. Yun yeh wadi ek hazar saal se zyada arse se ek maloom aur abad maqam hai.

Baad ke zamane mein Mastung riyasat-e-Kalat ka hissa bana. 1907 ke Balochistan District Gazetteer ki jild "Sarawan" ke mutabiq Sarawan riyasat-e-Kalat ke balai ilaqon ki shumali division thi, aur Khan ke zair-e-intizam ilaqe Mastung aur Kalat ki do niabaton mein bate hue the. Mastung is shumali hisse ka intizami markaz tha, aur isi nisbat se aaj bhi is ilaqe ko Sarawan kaha jata hai.

Unneesvin sadi ke aakhir mein Mastung British Hind aur riyasat-e-Kalat ke taluqaat ka ek aham mor bana. 1876 mein Robert Sandeman ki salisi mein Khan-e-Kalat aur Baloch sardaron ke darmiyan yahin woh muahida tay paya jise aam tor par "Muahida-e-Mastung" kaha jata hai aur jis ne British Balochistan Agency ke qiyam ki raah hamwar ki. Baaz zarai is muahide ko 1877 ke tehat darj karte hain, is liye tareekh ki tasdeeq zaroori hai.

Qiyam-e-Pakistan ke baad 1954 mein Kalat ko alag zila banaya gaya to Mastung us ki ek sub division tha, aur 1991 mein yeh khud ek zila bana, jis ka zikr upar guzar chuka hai.

Log aur zubanein

Mastung Brahui zuban aur saqafat ka ek markaz hai. 2023 ki mardum shumari ke mutabiq zila ki taqriban 89 feesad abadi ki madri zuban Brahui hai, taqriban 7 feesad ki Balochi aur taqriban 2 feesad ki Pashto. Baqi abadi Urdu, Punjabi aur digar zubanein bolti hai. Zila ki abadi bari had tak dehi hai aur zyada tar log Zaraat aur maweshi palne se wabasta hain. Mastung shehar zila ka wahid bara shehri markaz hai jahan tijarat, Taleem aur sarkari daftar murtakiz hain.

Maeeshat

Mastung ki maeeshat ki bunyad baghat hain. SMEDA ke zilai maashi profile (2022) ke mutabiq yahan ke aham phalon mein seb, khubani, angoor, aaru, aloocha, nashpati, anar, cherry aur pista shamil hain, aur Zaraat aur is se jure shobe dehi maeeshat ka sab se bara sahara hain. Mastung ka seb poore mulk mein mashhoor hai. Ek tehqeeqi mutale ke mutabiq, jo 2013 ke aadad o shumar par mabni hai, Mastung ke seb ke baghat se kashtkar ko fi acre taqriban 148,000 rupay ki khalis aamdani ho rahi thi aur lagat aur munafe ka tanasub 1 aur 1.23 tha.

Mastung shehar zila ka tijarati markaz hai jahan se seb, khubani, angoor aur anar mulk ke dusre hisson ko bheje jate hain. Quetta ke qareeb hona aur qaumi shahrah par waqe hona is tijarat mein madad deta hai. Maweshi palna doosra bara pesha hai. Taham SMEDA ki report mein pani ki kami ko zila ki Zaraat ka sab se bara masla bataya gaya hai, kyunke baghat zer-e-zameen pani par inhisar karte hain aur zila khushk saali, Sailab aur zalzale ke khatraat se bhi dochar rehta hai.

Qabil-e-deed maqamat

Mastung ki sab se bari kashish khud is ki wadi hai, jis ke baghat bahar mein phoolon se bhar jate hain aur jis ke gird unche pathreele pahar khare hain. SMEDA ke profile mein bhi zila ki arziyati sakht aur bulandi ko is ki pur-sukoon siyahati ahmiyat ki wajah bataya gaya hai.

Quetta se Mastung aate hue Lak Pass parta hai, jo dono Azla ke darmiyan pahari darra hai aur jahan sarak ek surang se guzarti hai; maqami log ise "tunnel" bhi kehte hain. Zila ke markaz se shumal ki taraf Kanak ki wadi Chiltan pahar ke maghrib mein Quetta ki wadi-e-Aghbarg tak phaili hai, jab ke mashriq mein Dasht aur Gundain ki wadiyan hain. Yahan ke mazarat aur purani bastiyon ke bare mein mustanad mawad abhi jama kiya jana baqi hai.

Makhaz

Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, 7th Population and Housing Census 2023, Table 1: Area, Population by Sex, Sex Ratio, Population Density, Urban Proportion, Household Size and Annual Growth Rate — Balochistan, Islamabad, 2023. https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/tables/table_1_balochistan_province.pdf
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