Zila Pishin: Baghat, Karezon aur Band Khushdil Khan ki Wadi

Taaruf aur mahal-e-wuqoo

Quetta se shumal ki taraf niklein to pahadon ke darmiyan ek khuli aur buland wadi shuru hoti hai jis ke kheton aur baghon ne sadiyon se is khitte ko sairab rakha hai. Yeh zila Pishin hai, jo Balochistan ke Pashtun aksariyati shumali hisse ka ek aham zila hai. 2023 ki mardum shumari ke mutabiq zila Pishin ka raqba 6,218 murabba kilometre aur abadi 835,482 afrad hai, yani fi murabba kilometre taqriban 134 afrad. Isi mardum shumari ke mutabiq zila ki 29.18 fisad abadi (243,785 afrad) shehri aur 70.82 fisad (591,697 afrad) dehi ilaqon mein rehti hai, aur zila mein 147,185 gharane gine gaye.

Zila ka sadr muqam Pishin shehar hai. Balochistan High Court ke zila adliya ke safhe par Pishin ki tehsilon mein Pishin, Karezat, Saranan, Harmzai aur Barshore darj hain, jabke Trade Development Authority of Pakistan ke zila khake mein in ke sath Bostan aur Nana Sahib ko bhi tehsilon ke taur par gina gaya hai. Tehsilon ki hatmi fehrist ki tasdeeq zila intizamiya se honi chahiye, kyunke haliya barson mein intizami hudood kai bar badli hain.

Tareekh

Pishin ki tehreeri tareekh ka sab se tafseeli makhaz British daur ka "Quetta Pishin District Gazetteer" (1907) hai, jo Balochistan District Gazetteer series ki panchwin jild hai. Imperial Gazetteer of India (1908) ke mutabiq Pishin aur Shorerud ke ilaqe Durrani hukmranon aur un ke janasheenon ke zer-e-asar rehne ke baad 1879 mein British control mein aaye. Yeh wohi saal hai jab doosri Anglo Afghan jang ke dauran Gandamak ke muahide ke tahat Pishin aur Sibi ke ilaqe "tafweez shuda azla" (Assigned Districts) ke taur par British intizam mein diye gaye.

Imperial Gazetteer ke mutabiq 1883 mein Quetta, Pishin aur Shorerud ko mila kar ek intizami unit banaya gaya, jo baad mein "Quetta Pishin zila" kehlaya aur jis ka raqba taqriban 5,127 murabba meel tha. Qayam-e-Pakistan ke baad bhi yeh intizami dhancha kuch arsa barqarar raha. Small and Medium Enterprises Development Authority (SMEDA) ke zila maashi khake ke mutabiq 18 January 1975 ko Pishin ko Quetta se alag kar ke alehda zila banaya gaya. 1993 mein is ke maghribi hisse se zila Qila Abdullah bana.

2022 mein zila ke kuch hisson par mushtamil ek naya zila "Karezat" banane ka elan hua, magar yeh faisla barqarar na raha. Phir 8 July 2026 ko Revenue Department Balochistan ke notification ke zariye suba ko 11 divisions aur 41 azla mein taqseem kiya gaya. Akhbari ittelaat ke mutabiq is ke tahat Pishin division qaim hua jis mein Pishin, Qila Abdullah, Chaman aur Pishin se alag kiya gaya naya zila Barshore shamil hain. Sarkari notification ka matan is waqt dastiyab nahin tha, is liye Barshore ki haisiyat aur division ke sadr muqam ki tasdeeq zaroori hai.

Log aur zabanein

Pishin ek Pashtun aksariyati zila hai. 2023 ki mardum shumari ke madari zabaan ke jadwal ke mutabiq zila ke 827,702 afrad ne Pashto ko apni madari zabaan bataya, jo kul abadi ka lag bhag 99 fisad banta hai. Baqi chhoti tadad doosri zabanein bolne walon ki hai. Abadi ki bari aksariyat dehi hai aur Zaraat aur baghbani se wabasta hai, jaisa ke mardum shumari ke shehri dehi adad se zahir hota hai.

British daur ke gazetteer mein is ilaqe ke qabail, un ki abad kari aur zameen ke nizam ka tafseeli bayan mojood hai, jis se is wadi ki muashrati sakht ko samajhne mein madad milti hai. Aaj bhi zila ki muashrat zameen, pani aur bagh ke gird ghoomti hai.

Maeeshat

Pishin ki maeeshat ki bunyad baghbani hai. International tehqeeqi idaron ke mutalon mein Pishin ki aham faslon mein angoor, saib aur khubani ginwai gayi hain, aur zila ki ek kariz scheme par hone wali tehqeeq mein saib, aloocha aur khubani ke sath angoor ke baghat ka zikr hai. Yeh baghat Pishin Lora ke tass mein waqe hain, jo suba ke in tasson mein shumar hota hai jahan zer-e-zameen pani sab se zyada kam hua hai.

Sadiyon se is wadi ki abpashi ka bara zariya kariz raha hai, yani zer-e-zameen surangon ka woh nizam jo pahad ke daman se pani kheton tak lata hai. Tehqeeq batati hai ke takniki aur maashi wajohat ke bais karizein khushk ho rahi hain. Baghbani se mutaliq ek science conference ke maqale ke mutabiq 1984-85 mein tube wellon ke liye riayati bijli mutaarif hone ke baad Pishin Lora ke ilaqe mein zer-e-zameen pani tezi se ghata. Yun pani ka intizam aaj is zila ki maeeshat ka sab se bara sawal hai.

Sathi abpashi ka ek tareekhi zariya Band Khushdil Khan hai. Federal Flood Commission ke qaumi register of dams ke mutabiq yeh band 1890 mein bana aur is ki unchai 15.24 meter hai. World Bank ki ek mansooba dastawez ke mutabiq 1954 se 1961 ke behtareen mausamon mein is band ke zer-e-kaman taqriban 2,000 hectare raqba sathi abpashi se sairab hota tha, jo baad mein ghat kar taqriban 350 hectare reh gaya, aur isi liye band ki zakhira karne ki gunjaish juzwi taur par bahal karne ka mansooba banaya gaya.

Qabil-e-deed maqamat

Band Khushdil Khan: Pishin ka sab se mashhoor nishan yehi tareekhi band aur is ki jheel hai, jo British daur mein bana aur jis ka zikr sarkari dam register mein mojood hai. Tehqeeqi reports ke mutabiq gaad bhar jane se jheel apni poori gunjaish kho chuki hai, magar barish ke mausam mein yeh aaj bhi wadi ka ek dilkash manzar hai.

Wadi-e-Pishin ke baghat: Bahar mein phoolon se lade aur garmiyon mein phal se bhare bagh Pishin ki pehchan hain. Angoor aur saib ke yehi bagh zila ki maeeshat bhi hain aur is ka husn bhi.

Barshore aur Karezat: Zila ke shumal mashriqi hisse mein Barshore ka pahadi ilaqa aur Karezat ki tehsil, jahan Khanozai ka qasba waqe hai, apni karezon aur thandi aab o hawa ke liye jane jate hain. Karezat ki khushk hoti karezon ki bahali par tehqeeqi maqale bhi shaya ho chuke hain.