Zila Surab: Balai Jhalawan ki wadi aur Hingol ka manba

Surab Balochistan ke wasti pahari ilaqe ka ek naya zila hai, jo Kalat ke junoob mein aur Khuzdar ke shimal mein us wadi mein waqe hai jise angrez daur ke gazetteer "Balai Jhalawan" ka hissa kehte hain. Isi wadi ke…

Atemad E-Magazine 20 October 2026 · 7 minute ka mutalia

Zila Surab: Balai Jhalawan ki wadi aur Hingol ka manba — Alamati tasveer

Taaruf aur mahal-e-wuqoo

Pakistan idara-e-shumariyat ki 2023 ki mardum shumari ke mutabiq zila Surab ki abadi 279,038 hai: 141,648 mard, 137,372 aurtein aur 18 khawaja sara. 13.07 fisad log shehri ilaqe mein rehte hain aur osat gharana 5.4 afrad ka hai. 2017 mein (maujooda hudood ke mutabiq) abadi 208,493 thi, yani salana izafa 4.99 fisad raha. Jadwal mein zila ka raqba sirf 762 murabba kilometre darj hai, jis se kasafat 366 afrad fi murabba kilometre banti hai, aur soobai report isi bunyad par Surab ko Quetta ke baad soobe ka doosra ganjan tareen zila kehti hai. Yeh raqba wadi ke phailao ke lihaz se bohat kam lagta hai aur is ki tasdeeq darkar hai.

Mardum shumari ke mutabiq zila ke chaar hisse hain: Surab sub division (abadi 95,469), Gidar sub division (89,631), Shaheed Mehrabad Zehri sub division (66,435) aur Dasht-e-Goran sub division (27,503). Wahid shehri ilaqa Surab municipal committee hai, jis ki abadi 36,468 hai.

Idara-e-shumariyat ki soobai report ke mutabiq 2017 ki mardum shumari ke baad Kalat zila se Surab tehsil, Beenja Patwar circle aur Dasht-e-Goran ka bara hissa alag kar ke zila Surab banaya gaya. The News mein shaya ek tajziye ke mutabiq yeh zila 2017 mein bana. Daily Times (17 August 2017) ke mutabiq July 2017 mein qiyam ke waqt zila ka naam "Shaheed Sikandarabad" rakha gaya tha; baad mein naam phir Surab ho gaya. September 2025 mein The News ne mehkama-e-mal ke ek notification ke hawale se khabar di ke zila ka naam dobara "Shaheed Sikandarabad" rakh diya gaya hai; July 2026 ki tanzeem-e-nau ki reporton mein naam phir Surab karne aur zila ko Kalat, Khuzdar aur Wadh ke sath nayi Khuzdar Division mein rakhne ka zikr hai. In notificationon ka matan hamare samne nahin, is liye yeh safha 2023 ki hudood ke mutabiq hai.

Tareekh

1907 ke gazetteer (jild shashum, Jhalawan) ke mutabiq Surab ki wadi shimal mein Pango pahariyon aur Bodinjo ke aabi juda khat, mashriq mein Draj pahariyon aur maghrib mein Gar ya Zeeri ke silsile se ghiri hui thi. Bodinjo se Shah Dadzai tak is ki lambai taqriban 60 meel thi. Gazetteer ise teen hisson mein bantta hai: shimal mein Mal aur Khaisondan ke barani ilaqe, darmiyan mein Surab khas jahan chashme aur mustaqil dehat the, aur junoob mein Gidar. In ki bulandi bil-tarteeb taqriban 6,250, 5,800 aur 5,160 feet batayi gayi hai.

Khanan-e-Kalat ke daur mein Surab ki haisiyat barah-e-raast Khan ki zameen ki thi. Gazetteer ke mutabiq Surab, Baghbana, Khuzdar aur Mashkay ki umda sairab zameenein Khan ke "Ulus" ke paas thin, jo lashkar faraham karne ke bajaye paidawar ki soorat mein mahsool dete the. 1907 mein Surab gaon Khan ke naib ka sadar muqam aur juzwi taur par qila band tha.

Log aur zubanein

Surab Brahui bolne walon ka zila hai. Mardum shumari 2023 ke mutabiq 269,979 afrad, yani 96.75 fisad abadi ki madri zubaan Brahui hai, jabke Balochi bolne wale 8,102 (taqriban 2.9 fisad) hain. Mazhab ke jadwal mein 278,216 Muslim, 748 Christian aur 16 Hindu darj hain.

1907 mein gazetteer ke mutabiq Surab khas ke mustaqil kashtkar Nighari the, aur un ke sath Haruni, Muhammad Hasni, Raiki zai aur kuch Rodini abad the. Gazetteer likhta hai ke Surab ke taqriban solah mustaqil dehat sardiyon mein aksar khali ho jate aur garmiyon mein abad hote the. Soobai report ke mutabiq Surab mein naqal-e-makani kar ke aane walon mein soobe ke andar se aane walon ka tanasub (91.24 fisad) poore Balochistan mein sab se zyada hai.

Das saal se zyada umar ki abadi mein sharah-e-khwandagi 37.44 fisad hai: mardon mein 45.16 aur aurton mein 29.58 fisad. Soobai report ke mutabiq Surab mein pakhta makanon ka tanasub sirf 3 fisad hai, jo soobe mein sab se kam hai; 40 se 60 fisad gharon mein bijli hai, 30 se 40 fisad gharon ko ghar ke andar peene ka pani muyassar hai, aur 60 se 70 fisad ke darmiyan bachche school se bahar hain.

Maishat

Surab ki maishat ki bunyad Zaraat aur galla bani hai. 1907 ke gazetteer ke mutabiq Jhalawan mein mustaqil sairab zameen kam thi aur zyada tar Surab aur Baghbana ke pahari daman mein thi, jahan paharon se aane wali nadiyon ka pani milta tha. Hingol, jise upar ke hisse mein Beej aur aage Gidar Dhor kaha jata hai, ka pani bhi Surab aur Gidar mein abpashi ke kaam aata tha. Surab ki sairab zameenon par gandum ki woh qismein ugayi jati thin jin ki roti sab se achhi samjhi jati thi, aur yahan gajar aur piyaz bhi kasht hote the.

Gazetteer Surab gaon ko Balai Jhalawan ka sab se aham tijarati markaz batata hai, jahan chand Hindu tajir khandan qarz dete aur oon aur ghee ki tijarat karte the. Gazetteer mein darj aham raston mein Kalat se Khuzdar ke raste Bela jane wala aur Kalat se Panjgur jane wala rasta, donon Surab se guzarte the. Zila ki maujooda zarai paidawar ke sarkari aadad-o-shumar is safhe ki taiyari ke dauran dastiyab nahin ho sake.

Qabil-e-deed maqamat

Bibi Sarthap: Gazetteer ke mutabiq yahan ek Muslim kunwari khatoon, Bibi Sarthap, ka mazar hai jo ziarat gah hai, aur yahan ek ghar bhi hai.

Gurgut aur Hajika: Gazetteer Gurgut ko Haruni sardar ka sadar muqam batata hai jahan umda bagh the, aur Hajika ko wafir pani wali ek khushgawar jagah.

Hingol ka manba: Gazetteer ke mutabiq Balochistan ka sab se lamba darya wadi-e-Surab ke shimali sire se nikal kar junoob maghrib ki taraf behta aur aakhir mein samandar tak pahunchta hai.

Makhaz

Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, 7th Population and Housing Census 2023, Table 1: Area, Population by Sex, Sex Ratio, Population Density, Urban Population, Household Size and Annual Growth Rate (Balochistan districts), PDF p. 9 (Surab district and sub-divisions). https://www.pbs.gov.pk/wp-content/uploads/census_tables/tables/table_1_balochistan_districts.pdf
Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, Census 2023, Table 2: Urban Localities by Population Size (Balochistan), PDF p. 3 (Surab MC). https://www.pbs.gov.pk/wp-content/uploads/census_tables/tables/table_2_balochistan_districts.pdf
Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, Census 2023, Table 11: Population by Mother Tongue, PDF p. 35. https://www.pbs.gov.pk/wp-content/uploads/census_tables/tables/table_11_balochistan_districts.pdf ; Table 9: Population by Religion, PDF p. 42. https://www.pbs.gov.pk/wp-content/uploads/census_tables/tables/table_9_balochistan_districts.pdf ; Table 12: Literacy Rate and Out of School Population, PDF p. 52. https://www.pbs.gov.pk/wp-content/uploads/census_tables/tables/table_12_balochistan_districts.pdf
Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, Provincial Census Report 2023: Balochistan, Islamabad: p. 46 (Table 2.3, formation of Surab district from Kalat), p. 73 (density), p. 94 (out-of-school brackets), p. 103 (intra-provincial migration), pp. 110–111 (pacca houses, Surab 3.0 percent), p. 116 (drinking water), p. 120 (electricity). Printed page numbers read from the page footers. https://www.pbs.gov.pk/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Provincial-Census-Report-2023-Balochistan-1.pdf
Baluchistan District Gazetteer Series, Vol. VI: Sarawan, Kachhi and Jhalawan (Jhalawan part), Bombay: Times Press, 1907: p. 20 (Gidar Dhor / Hingol), p. 57 (1903 disturbance at Surab), p. 124 (irrigated land), p. 129 (wheat varieties), p. 134 (vegetables), p. 172 (routes), p. 185 (Khan's ulus), pp. 228–229 (Surab valley, villages, Surab village, Gurgut, Hajika, Bibi Sarthap). https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.22668
Adnan Aamir, "The case against new Balochistan districts", The News on Sunday (TNS), 25 July 2021. https://www.thenews.com.pk/tns/detail/867905-the-case-against-new-balochistan-districts
Mohammad Zafar Baloch, "Three Balochistan areas renamed", The News, 25 September 2025. https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/1346186-three-balochistan-areas-renamed
July 2026 restructuring, as recorded in content/districts/00-district-list.md: Dawn, "Balochistan undergoes major restructuring", 12 July 2026, https://www.dawn.com/news/2014773/balochistan-undergoes-major-restructuring ; ProPakistani, "Balochistan Govt Notifies New Divisions and Districts", 12 July 2026, https://propakistani.pk/2026/07/12/balochistan-govt-notifies-new-divisions-and-districts/ (not opened in this session)
Daily Times, "Balochistan needs more districts or better administration", 17 August 2017 (Surab created July 2017 as Shaheed Sikandarabad). https://dailytimes.com.pk/120586/balochistan-needs-more-districts-or-better-administration/

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